A hydrometer is a tool that measures the density or specific gravity of a liquid, relative to the density of water.Â
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What it measures
The density of a liquid is its weight per unit volume, while specific gravity is the ratio of its density to water’s density.Â
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How it works
A hydrometer is a weighted glass bulb with a long neck that floats in the liquid being measured. The depth at which the bulb floats indicates the liquid’s density.Â
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How to use it
Pour the liquid into a tall container, like a graduated cylinder, and gently lower the hydrometer into the liquid until it floats freely. Note the point where the liquid’s surface touches the hydrometer’s stem. The hydrometer’s scale will show the specific gravity.Â
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What it’s used forHydrometers can be used to measure the strength of liquids, such as battery acid or alcohol solutions. There are also special hydrometers for specific purposes, like lactometers, which are used to test milk.
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